Cold comfort: Ice system expected to save green, be 'green'

By FRANK SCHULTZ ( Contact )   Friday, Aug. 1, 2008
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The new cooling tower and four ice storage tanks sit behind Janesville Parker High School. The new system is expected to save money and be better for the environment.

The new cooling tower and four ice storage tanks sit behind Janesville Parker High School. The new system is expected to save money and be better for the environment.

— Janesville high school students and staff will endure just one more year without air-conditioned classrooms.

A new cooling system now being installed is scheduled to start pumping out cool, dry air in fall 2009.

And taxpayers will foot the bill, right?

Yes and no.

District officials expect to save on costs to heat and cool the schools, even though the referendum project now under way is adding substantial amounts of square footage.

The new cooling systems will use lower-cost electricity at night to make ice, and then use the ice to cool the air during the day.

A 2006 study by North American Mechanical showed substantial savings when a modern heating/cooling system was compared with the outmoded systems in place at Craig and Parker high schools—even with the addition of building-wide air conditioning.

The 2006 calculation for April through October at Parker High School alone indicates:

-- Total building electricity use without ice storage: 1.84 million kilowatt hours, costing $170,194.

-- With ice storage, 1.8 million kilowatt hours, costing $152,001.

-- Estimated savings: $18,093.

Officials said savings would be more than the 2-year-old calculations because energy prices are higher.

Modern electronic controls are also a big part of the energy savings. They're expected to monitor each room and use only enough warm or cool air to keep rooms comfortable.

"Green"-minded taxpayers might be wondering why the project isn't using geothermal energy—boring wells into the ground to take advantage of underground temperatures that are cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter.

Geothermal was considered during planning for the 2006 referendum. But engineers determined it would have been cost-prohibitive.

For geothermal to work, much of the older parts of the schools would have needed new ductwork, which would have been prohibitively expensive, according to engineering estimates.

Also, geothermal requires a heat pump in almost every room, and many rooms would not have space to accommodate the pumps, officials said.

A newly built school, in contrast, could be built to accommodate a geothermal system.

The ice-storage system required new piping, but not everywhere. Parker already had chilled-water piping in 60 percent of the building. It was installed when Parker was built, but it was never used because it was thought, at the time, that it might someday be needed, officials said.

Ice storage in and of itself isn't an alternative energy source, but it does have a "green" effect, according to Alliant Energy.

Here's how that works:

On muggy, high-demand days, the power company often has to fire up "peaker plants" to handle the heavy daytime use of electricity. Conventional air conditioning, used during the daytime, adds to that need for extra power plants. But making ice at night spreads out the demand for electricity and leads to less need for peaker plants.

Note to consumers: Running your dish- or clothes-washing machines at night has the same effect.

Craig and Parker also are getting some passive "green" technology: All new windows, with double thermal panes that sandwich blinds between them.

And yes, the windows can be opened.







reader COMMENTS (16)
janesvillecomments
Aug 2, 2008 at 12:09 a.m.
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Without the special metering, you may not get reduced rates for using electricity during off-peak hours (the nights and weekends), but if you do your laundry, dishwashing, and whatever electrical cooking you can during those hours, it can reduce the possibility of brownouts or blackouts. This reduces the amount of power-generating equipment the utility companies need to deploy and cuts back on damage-control expenses, which are passed along to the customers.

Zoom
Aug 1, 2008 at 9:53 p.m.
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Good article.

From what I remember before the referendum, it did not cost a huge amount to add A/C, since the ventilation system had to be upgraded anyway. It would be nice to know how much the A/C added, compared to the whole project.

dillon
Aug 1, 2008 at 7:08 p.m.
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Just a saw a piece on this on TV (somewhere, can't remember though) but they use this same system to cool buildings in downtown Chicago...interesting.

Jakiao
Aug 1, 2008 at 3:55 p.m.
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Just in time for winter? No AC when you were in school? Okay, here's a response for you two:

Every year I was in Craig that I had a class in the 300 hall, at the start of the school year classrooms there could hit 100*F. So the AC will be more than welcomed for the teachers and students there. For the person who had no AC when he was in school, did you ever have your classroom hit the 90s~100*F for a week or two weeks at a time? You don't even have to move in those classrooms to spend the whole hour soaking in your own liquids.
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I feel greatful for the teachers and students who will benefit from this!

ktaustin
Aug 1, 2008 at 3:08 p.m.
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symbajan, thanks! I had no idea Alliant actually had such a program in place; they certainly don't advertise it. It looks like I'll have to call to find the actual rates, but it sounds very much worth looking into. It's nice to know if I do end up getting a plug-in vehicle someday.

symbajan
Aug 1, 2008 at 2:06 p.m.
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For residential customers, Alliant Energy offers time of day billing. These customers do get a cheaper rate on their electric for usage at night and on weekends, but they do have a higher rate for usage during the day.

But, the line in the article is incorrect- running your washer at night only saves you money if you are on time of day billing.

janesvillean
Aug 1, 2008 at 2:04 p.m.
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ktaustin, smart metering is the term you want to look for. Alliant or any other utility could implement it under state law but it requires equipment retrofits not only in the grid but at consumer end-points.
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Smart metering can also be net metering, which is where someone generates or returns stored power to the grid. Both are already possible and in place in many US/Canadian/European utilities.

Opinionsforfree
Aug 1, 2008 at 1:39 p.m.
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Boo hoo we had no AC when I was in Highschool

hiredgun
Aug 1, 2008 at 1:09 p.m.
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"...cool, dry air in fall 2009."

Just in time for winter.

Jakiao
Aug 1, 2008 at 1:06 p.m.
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Still, I have to say I feel sorry for this year's seniors. Some of those classrooms can get so ungodly hot during the hot and humid months (think: inside classrooms of the 300 hall). But still, really neat plan they have. I've seen this kind of setup before, and it always looked pretty cool...

JasonTh
Aug 1, 2008 at 11:33 a.m.
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Phoenix Arizona does the exact same thing - only on a much larger scale. They have cooling centers that make ice and cool chiller water for multiple high rise buildings and the Diamond Back stadium.

The city and local power company worked together to come up with this plan to reduce the number of power plants needed to support a metropolis in the middle of a desert.

Very cool idea. Pun very much intended.

JasonTh
Aug 1, 2008 at 11:31 a.m.
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I think the metering systems for residential homes is different than industrial or commercial businesses. There is no way to tell when you used the electricity on a standard home meter... however, they have more sophisticated units for larger power users.

That doesn't mean we shouldn't get higher tech meters on our houses and reap the benefits. The power company has no incentives to provide us with cheaper power at night. The closest available offers are for the power company to come and place a remote switch on your air conditioner unit so they can shut it off during excessively high usage days in exchange for a discounted rate on your bill.

I, for one, would like to see Aliant Energy take a proactive step and allow residential users to save on evening power costs. Given that we will be seeing many more "Plug-In" electric or hybrid vehicles. They can be programed to charge in the evening to save on power - but only if you have a power company that gives you the option.

armyof3
Aug 1, 2008 at 11:26 a.m.
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either that or it's what they're leading us to believe... if I'm not mistaken, the only thing run at night is the schools' security system, the pool heating/filtration system, and maybe the heat during winter months... that's not counting games, plays, music concerts as far as lighting and sound... industrial, depends on the company and number of shifts for that differential...

ktaustin
Aug 1, 2008 at 9:24 a.m.
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"The new cooling systems will use lower-cost electricity at night to make ice..."

"Note to consumers: Running your dish- or clothes-washing machines at night has the same effect."

How is it that residential customers still cannot take advantage of cheaper electric rates at night? It would seem like a no-brainer decades ago to phase in electric-rate meters that have a built-in clock, and that integrate day vs. night kWh totals. Then once a month or so, when the electric company checks the meter, they can split the bill between day and night. Charge less for the night kWh which will motivate more people to shift some electrical usage to the night and even the load. I would assume this is how industrial and school buildings are monitored for electrical usage and are thus able to save money on night power.

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